Does ROM support partial updates using HTTP Patch method?

I am interested in build a REST API that maps data from a SQL Server and returns JSON. I think it is very simple to do that on ROM.

I would like to update data using JSON Patch format, so only data updating are part of SQL. Is it possible?

Yes, its possible. You can use ROM changeset for that (more info: http://rom-rb.org/learn/repositories/changesets/)